By Ben Golliver, 2026-07-11 09:56:19
拉斯维加斯——周五，国家篮球球员工会（NBPA）执行董事大卫·凯利 (David Kelly) 对NBA的工资帽和奢侈税制度提出了批评，他认为新实施的“第二土豪线”必须予以“放宽”或取消。
“我们不喜欢第二土豪线，”凯利说道，“我们没有提议设立第二土豪线。我们本应该在反抗第二土豪线方面做得更好。未来，我们将拥有一个更加团结的工会，我们也会在反抗方面做得更好。……我们正看到[土豪线制度]瓦解球队，并迫使球队做出非篮球层面的决定。”
凯利曾是金州勇士队的高管，于今年2月接替前全明星球员安德烈·伊戈达拉 (Andre Iguodala) 担任球员工会掌门人。他反驳了NBA总裁亚当·肖华 (Adam Silver) 关于土豪线制度旨在促进联盟实力均衡的论调。相反，凯利认为，该制度于2023年确立，其真实目的是为了“控制与球员薪资相关的成本”。
在NBA现行的财政体系下，工资帽为1.65亿美元，奢侈税线为2.004亿美元。任何超过2.09亿美元“第一土豪线”的球队都将面临更严厉的奢侈税处罚，并在通过交易和自由市场引进人才方面受到一定限制。而支出最高的球队，即超过2.217亿美元“第二土豪线”的球队，将面临最严厉的奢侈税处罚，并且在通过自由市场、交易和选秀引进人才的能力上受到极大限制。
鉴于这些经济处罚和阵容构建限制，NBA各支球队整体上都表现出不愿超越第二土豪线的态度。在2025-26赛季，克利夫兰骑士队是唯一一支超越该限制的球队。
波士顿凯尔特人队将第二土豪线列为他们本月早些时候决定将2024年NBA总决赛MVP杰伦·布朗 (Jaylen Brown) 交易至费城76人队的一个因素；而纽约尼克斯队老板詹姆斯·多兰 (James Dolan) 也表示，尽管球队赢得了2026年总冠军，但他们仍将努力避免受到第二土豪线的处罚。随后，尼克斯队只能眼睁睁看着替补中锋米切尔·罗宾逊 (Mitchell Robinson) 在自由市场上离队。
“我不知道波士顿的球迷是否会说[在现行制度下]每个人都过得很好，或者纽约的球迷是否会说每个人都过得很好，”凯利在宣布工会新领导团队的新闻发布会上表示，“你有一支刚刚在[2024年]夺冠的[凯尔特人]球队，但他们却无法保留原班人马。我们认为这不仅对我们的会员是个问题，对球迷和这项运动本身也是个问题。……我们如何确保无论我们实施什么制度，都不会为了少数老板的某种成本控制，而损害球迷的利益和球员的利益？”
担任NBPA主席的休斯敦火箭队后卫弗雷德·范弗利特 (Fred VanVleet) 表示，球员并非唯一对土豪线影响提出质疑的利益相关者。
“我们也看到越来越多的球队、总经理、管理层、老板和经纪人对土豪线产生了疑问和担忧，”范弗利特说道，“这算是个比较新的现象，对吧？我们必须观察它的实际运行情况。现在几乎已经达成共识，那就是这个问题必须得到解决。”
NBPA还对土豪线制度向明星球员施加压力、迫使其接受降薪合同以确保球队能够留住队友的现象表示失望。圣安东尼奥马刺队球星维克托·文班亚马 (Victor Wembanyama) 周五同意签署一份五年2.52亿美元的新秀顶薪提前续约合同，而他本有资格获得一份价值3.028亿美元的五年合同。文班亚马周五在社交媒体上发布的一条动态，似乎暗示了他可能做出的经济牺牲：“马刺大家庭，我会留在这里。不惜一切代价。”
当被问及文班亚马时，凯利表示：“我们认为球员应该自己做决定，我们不应该……去盯着别人的钱包。这个制度不应该要求一名球员去承担所有的重担。我们不应该让球员处于为了维持球队阵容而独自背负重担的境地。”
土豪线制度被认为平衡了NBA 30支球队的人才分布，并且恰逢联盟顶端竞争空前均衡的时代。在NBA历史上，首次在八年期间诞生了八支不同的冠军球队。在此期间，多伦多猛龙队和丹佛掘金队赢得了队史首冠，尼克斯队和密尔沃基雄鹿队则打破了漫长的冠军荒。
但凯利指出，当前的群雄并起时代在土豪线制度确立之前就已经开始了。
“土豪线制度已经实施了三年，”他说道，“在土豪线出台前的五年里，我们就已经实现了竞争均衡。我认为土豪线对于创造这种均衡竞争并不是必需的。”
凯利表示，如果NBA和国家篮球球员工会能够在现行劳资协议期间对土豪线制度达成“一些微调”的共识，那将是“极好的”。否则，该问题要到下一轮劳资谈判时才能得到解决，而如果老板或球员选择行使跳出现行协议的权利，下一轮谈判可能会在2028-29赛季结束后开始。
由生成式 AI 翻译，译文内容可能不准确或不完整，以原文为准。
查看原文：NBPA: Players 'carrying the burden' for teams due to second apron
NBPA: Players ‘carrying the burden’ for teams due to second apron
LAS VEGAS – National Basketball Players Association executive director David Kelly criticized the NBA’s salary cap and luxury tax system on Friday, arguing that the newly implemented “second apron” must be “softened” or removed.
“We are not fans of the second apron,” Kelly said. “We did not propose the second apron. We should have done a better job of fighting back against the second apron. In the future, we will have a much more unified union, and we will do a better job of fighting back. … We’re seeing [the apron system] decimate teams and force decisions to be made that are not basketball decisions.”
Kelly, a former Golden State Warriors executive who succeeded former All-Star Andre Iguodala as the head of the players union in February, disputed NBA commissioner Adam Silver’s contention that the apron system was designed to foster parity. Instead, Kelly argued the system was instituted in 2023 for “control cost purposes” related to player salary.
Under the NBA’s current financial system, which utilizes a $165 million salary cap and a $200.4 million luxury tax line, any team exceeding the $209 million “first apron” faces stiffer luxury tax penalties and some restrictions on adding talent via trade and free agency. The highest-spending teams, which exceed the $221.7 million second apron, incur the harshest luxury tax penalties and face restrictions on their ability to add talent via free agency, trades and the draft.
Given these financial penalties and roster-building restrictions, NBA teams have collectively shown a reluctance to surpass the second apron. The Cleveland Cavaliers were the only team to do so during the 2025-26 season.
The Boston Celtics cited the second apron as a factor in their decision to trade 2024 NBA Finals MVP Jaylen Brown to the Philadelphia 76ers earlier this month, and New York Knicks owner James Dolan said his team would seek to avoid second apron penalties despite winning the 2026 championship. The Knicks subsequently watched backup center Mitchell Robinson depart in free agency.
“I don’t know that fans in Boston would say that everyone’s making out fine [in the current system], or that fans in New York would say that everyone is making out fine,” Kelly said during a news conference announcing the union’s new leadership team. “You have a [Celtics] team that just came off of a championship [in 2024] that will not have those guys together. We see that as a problem for our members, but also for the fans and for the game. … How do we make sure that whatever system we’re putting in place does not hurt fan interests and hurt players for the benefit of some sort of cost control for a certain number of owners?”
Houston Rockets guard Fred VanVleet, who serves as the president of the NBPA, said the players are not the only stakeholders raising questions about the impact of the aprons.
“We’ve seen more teams, GMs, front offices, owners and agents have issues and concerns with the apron as well,” VanVleet said. “That’s a little bit newer, right? We had to see it play out. It’s almost a consensus that it’s something that needs to be addressed.”
The NBPA also expressed dismay that the apron system was applying pressure on star players to accept discounted contracts to ensure their organizations could retain their teammates. San Antonio Spurs star Victor Wembanyama agreed to a five-year, $252 million rookie contract extension Friday when he could have been eligible for a five-year pact worth $302.8 million. Wembanyama appeared to reference his potential financial sacrifice in a social media post Friday: “Spurs family, I’m here to stay. Whatever it takes.”
“We think the players should make decisions for themselves and we should not be … pocket-watching,” Kelly said, when asked about Wembanyama. “The system should not require a player to carry all of that burden. We should not put a player in the position to carry the burden of keeping a team together.”
The apron system has been credited with leveling talent across the NBA’s 30 teams, and it has coincided with an unprecedented era of parity at the top of the league. For the first time in its history, the NBA has crowned eight different champions during an eight-year span. During that period, the Toronto Raptors and Denver Nuggets won their first championships, and the Knicks and the Milwaukee Bucks snapped long title droughts.
But Kelly noted that the ongoing parity era commenced before the apron system was installed.
“The apron’s been in place for three years,” he said. “For five years leading into the apron, we had parity. I don’t think the apron was necessary to create parity.”
Kelly said that it would be “fantastic” if the NBA and National Basketball Players Association could agree to “some tweaks” to the apron system during the current collective bargaining agreement. Otherwise, the issue won’t be addressed until the next round of labor negotiations, which could begin after the 2028-29 season if the owners or players exercise their ability to opt out of the current agreement.
By Ben Golliver, via ESPN