By Jeje Gomez | Pounding The Rock (PtR), 2026-03-25 01:27:25
维克托·文班亚马 (Victor Wembanyama) 在防守端那无法用常规指标衡量的影响力，在其职业生涯的大部分时间里都令球迷和分析师们着迷。文班 (Wemby) 的盖帽领跑全联盟，但他在内线的存在感彻底改变了对手的进攻方式，这种影响力甚至是其他顶级盖帽高手也无法复制的。这就是为什么他很有可能赢得年度最佳防守球员 (DPOY)，也是他角逐最有价值球员 (MVP) 的有力筹码之一。
如今，文班亚马在进攻端也展现出了同样的影响力。这位超级巨星大个子场均得到 24 分，但仅有 3 次助攻，每场比赛通过助攻转化的得分不足 8 分，这一数据远低于大多数顶级进攻球员。然而，即便是追踪数据也无法完全捕捉到的是，仅仅依靠他在场上的存在，就能为他人创造多少机会。
篮球中的“牵制力”（Gravity）是一个基本概念。防守者是紧贴进攻球员，还是会离开去协防？他们是否会派额外的防守人去包夹该球员，从而漏掉其他人？如果其中一个问题的答案是“是”，那么该进攻球员就具有正向的牵制力。如果两个问题的答案都是肯定的——文班的情况正是如此——那么该球员就拥有顶级的牵制力，即使不触球也能创造得分。
对阵热火队的比赛充分展示了这种动态。每当文班亚马强力顺下时，即使他没有触球，甚至有时没有产生实质性的掩护接触，底角的三分空位也会随之产生。这并非偶然。正如 Hoops Tonight 在一段精彩视频中所解释的那样，该视频涵盖了我们目前讨论的许多内容，马刺队的底角三分出手次数领跑全联盟。文班在篮下得分的威胁为队友在最佳跳投位置创造了机会，而且对手并不是在放任糟糕的射手投篮，因为马刺队有四名球员每场至少出手一次底角三分，且命中率超过 39%。
进一步细化来看，根据 PBPStats.com 的数据，除了斯蒂芬·卡斯尔 (Stephon Castle) 之外，当文班在场时，马刺队每一位轮换球员的底角三分出手频率都有所增加，有时甚至增幅巨大。除了哈里森·巴恩斯 (Harrison Barnes) 之外，每位球员的底角三分命中率也是如此。受益于文班亚马牵制力的不仅仅是一两名球员，而是几乎整个团队。从转化率来看，他们获得的投篮机会质量显然更高。当目测结果已经如此显而易见时，并不太需要数据支撑，但统计数据确实印证了这一论点：文班是一名卓越的无球创造者。
诚然，许多吃饼型中锋都具有牵制力，因为仅靠两名球员很难防住任何掩护配合。如果文班亚马仅仅是促进了底角三分的产生，那么作为终极空接威胁，他只不过是过去那些球员的加强版。但文班在球场外线同样具有牵制力。
NBA 拥有一项官方牵制力统计数据，其追踪方式和 AI 辅助公式较为晦涩。这或许不是衡量牵制力的最佳方式，但它对所有球员的衡量标准是一致的，旨在量化“一名球员将防守者吸引到自己身边的程度超过预期的数值，本质上是衡量他们与球场空间预测相比所吸引的注意力”。正如预期的那样，文班亚马在无球内线牵制力方面排名非常靠前。但他在外线牵制力方面，作为一名大个子球员同样名列前茅。在这两个类别中，他都是所有大个子球员中排名最高的。
我们在多种战术配置中都看到了这一点。当文班亚马设置掩护且不顺下时，他的防守人通常会紧跟在他身边，这为队友开辟了突破路径。当他在外线定点站位时，防守人通常不敢走远，因为对于一个 7 英尺 4 英寸的射手来说，回防补防是徒劳的。马刺队通过突破创造的得分排名联盟第六。与底角三分的情况类似，当文班在场时，队友在篮下的投篮频率也会增加，并且随着文班吸引了防守注意力，主要持球者在篮下的效率也有所提升。文班让其他人的进攻变得更加简单。
文班亚马是一位独特的天才，他不断探索如何运用自己的天赋，而 NBA 的其他成员则试图通过新的衡量方式来跟上他的步伐。自从那场他退居二线、减少持球威胁的对阵活塞队的比赛以来，他解锁了在不依赖盖帽或助攻的情况下彻底改变比赛的能力。他的数据已经达到了 MVP 级别，但不知何故，这些数字仍无法完全展现他帮助马刺队获胜的诸多方式。
由生成式人工智能翻译，译文内容可能不准确或不完整，以原文为准。
点击查看原文：How Victor Wembanyama’s gravity creates shots for his teammates
How Victor Wembanyama’s gravity creates shots for his teammates
The unquantifiable impact of Victor Wembanyama on defense by normal metrics has fascinated fans and analysts alike for most of his career. Wemby leads the league in blocks, but his presence inside completely changes the way opponents play in a way not even other elite shot blockers can replicate. It’s why he’ll likely win Defensive Player of the Year and is part of his case for Most Valuable Player.
Wembanyama is now doing the same on the other end as well. The superstar big man is averaging 24 points but only three assists, generating fewer than eight points with his dimes a game, a much lower amount than most elite offensive players. What even the tracking numbers are failing to capture is how much his mere presence creates opportunities for others.
Gravity in basketball is a basic concept. Do defenders stick close to an offensive player instead of helping off them? Do they send extra defenders to cover that offensive player, leaving others open? If even one of the answers to those questions is “yes,” then the offensive player has positive gravity. If the answer to both is affirmative, as is the case with Wemby, then the offensive player has elite gravity and creates buckets without touching the ball.
The game against the Heat had that dynamic in full display. Whenever Wembanyama would roll hard, an open corner three would be created without him even touching the ball or sometimes making contact as a screener. It’s not a once-off thing. The Spurs lead the league in corner threes attempted, as Hoops Tonight explained on a great video that covers a lot of the same ground we’ve covered here so far. The threat of Wemby getting a shot at the rim is getting others looks from the best place to launch jumpers, and it’s not like opponents are just allowing bad shooters to fire away, as the Spurs have four guys taking at least one corner three per game and shooting over 39 percent on them.
To break it down even further, the corner three-point attempt frequency for every single rotation Spur except Stephon Castle increases with Wemby on the floor, sometimes significantly, according to PBPStats.com. The same is true for every player’s corner three-point field goal percentage except for Harrison Barnes. It’s not just one or two players benefiting from Wembanyama’s gravity, but essentially the whole team. And the looks they are getting appear to be better, going by the conversion rate. There’s not a lot of need for the numbers when the eye test makes something obvious, but the stats support the thesis that Wemby is a special creator without the ball.
Now, a lot of rim-running centers have gravity, because it’s hard to guard any screening action with just two players. If the corner threes were all he was facilitating, Wemby would be, as the ultimate lob threat, just a better version of players we’ve seen in the past. But Wembanyama has gravity in the perimeter as well.
The NBA has an official gravity stat that has an opaque tracking and AI-aided formula. It might not be the best way to measure gravity, but it does measure all players the same, and it aims to quantify “how much a player pulls defenders towards them above expected, essentially measuring how much attention they draw compared to what the spacing on the floor predicts.” Wembanyama ranks very highly in off-ball interior gravity, as it would be expected. But he also ranks very highly for a big man in perimeter gravity. In both categories, he ranks the highest for any big man.
We’ve seen this in action in several configurations. When Wembanyama sets a screen and doesn’t dive, his defender normally stays with him, which opens up driving lanes for his teammates. When he’s spotting up, often his man will not venture far, because scrambling to close out is futile against a 7’4” shooter. The Spurs create the sixth most points on drives in the league. As it happened with corner threes, the frequency of shots at the rim for Wembanyama’s teammates increases when he’s on the floor, and the main ball handlers see their efficiency improve at the rim with Wemby drawing the attention of the defense. Wemby makes offense simpler for everyone else.
Wembanyama is a unique talent who continues to discover how to use his skills while the rest of the NBA world tries to keep up by measuring his impact in new ways. Ever since the Pistons game in which he took a backseat as an on-ball threat, he’s unlocked his ability to completely change games on both ends without having to log a block or an assist. His numbers are already MVP-level good, but somehow fail to show the many ways he helps the Spurs win.
By Jeje Gomez, via Pounding The Rock